Could You Spot the Signs of a Life-Threatening Allergic Reaction?
Imagine this: you're enjoying a BBQ with friends when someone suddenly begins to wheeze, looks flushed, and says their throat feels like it's closing up. Panic sets in—do you know what to do?
Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can happen within seconds to minutes of exposure to an allergen. Whether it’s a peanut, a bee sting, or a medication, recognising the symptoms quickly and responding immediately can save a life.
Symptoms of Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis often involves more than one body system, and symptoms can escalate rapidly. According to the Australian Resuscitation Council and other trusted sources, key signs include:
Breathing difficulties – wheezing, shortness of breath, or noisy breathing
Swelling – of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
Skin reactions – hives, redness, or itching
Gastrointestinal symptoms – abdominal pain, vomiting
Dizziness or collapse – a drop in blood pressure can cause fainting
Pale and floppy appearance – particularly in young children
Fast or weak pulse
Feeling of dread or anxiety
It’s important to distinguish anaphylaxis from a mild or moderate allergic reaction, which might only involve sneezing, rashes, or watery eyes without breathing or circulation issues.
Treatment for Anaphylaxis
Time is critical. Here's what to do if someone shows signs of anaphylaxis:
Lay the person flat – Do not allow them to stand or walk. If breathing is difficult, let them sit. If unconscious, place them in the recovery position.
Call 000 immediately – Ask for an ambulance and state it is anaphylaxis.
Administer adrenaline – Use an adrenaline auto-injector (e.g., EpiPen®) into the outer mid-thigh. This is the first-line treatment.
Note the time of injection – A second dose may be required after 5 minutes if symptoms persist.
Monitor breathing and consciousness – Be ready to begin CPR if the person stops breathing or becomes unresponsive.
Do not give food, drink, or medication orally – It can make symptoms worse.
Send the person to hospital – Always. Even if symptoms improve after adrenaline, further monitoring is needed.
Knowing how to act swiftly during an anaphylactic reaction can truly make the difference between life and death. Would you feel confident helping a loved one—or even a stranger—experiencing anaphylaxis?
Get the skills and confidence you need by completing a first aid course. Locate your nearest Allens Training provider at www.allenstraining.com.au or www.lewisaid.com.au.
